๐๐๐ค๐ ๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐ค๐ by Teshome Beyene
๐๐๐๐จ ๐ฌ๐๐๐ , ๐ฌ๐ ๐๐ค๐๐ช๐จ ๐ค๐ฃ ๐จ๐๐ซ๐๐ง๐๐ก ๐ฅ๐ง๐๐จ๐จ๐๐ฃ๐ ๐๐จ๐จ๐ช๐๐จโ๐๐ก๐ก ๐๐๐ฃ๐ฉ๐๐ง๐๐ ๐ค๐ฃ ๐๐๐๐ง๐๐โ๐๐ฃ๐ ๐๐ญ๐๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐ฃ ๐๐๐ฅ๐ฉ๐ ๐๐ฎ ๐ก๐๐ฎ๐๐ฃ๐ ๐ค๐ช๐ฉ ๐ฉ๐๐ ๐๐๐๐ฉ๐ช๐๐ก ๐๐ง๐ค๐ช๐ฃ๐๐ฌ๐ค๐ง๐ ๐ฉ๐ค ๐ฅ๐ง๐ค๐ซ๐๐๐ ๐ฅ๐ง๐ค๐ฅ๐๐ง ๐๐ค๐ฃ๐ฉ๐๐ญ๐ฉ ๐๐ฃ๐ ๐ฅ๐๐ง๐จ๐ฅ๐๐๐ฉ๐๐ซ๐.
1. ๐ ๐๐ฎ๐ฆ๐ฎ๐ฅ๐ญ๐ฎ๐จ๐ฎ๐ฌ ๐๐๐๐ค ๐ข๐ง ๐๐จ๐ฎ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ซ๐ง ๐๐ข๐ ๐ซ๐๐ข: ๐๐๐ฒ๐ ๐๐ญ๐๐ง๐๐ฌ ๐๐ญ๐ฌ ๐๐ซ๐จ๐ฎ๐ง๐
This past week has been tumultuous in Southern Tigrai, where the people of Rayaโunarmed yet unrelentingโstood up to regional authorities in a way reminiscent of popular uprisings elsewhere in the world. Across history, weโve seen crowds rise against unjust rule not through weaponry but through the force of numbers and conviction. This moment in Raya is part of that lineage.
For years, grievances in Raya and other parts of Southern Tigrai have been quietly building up. The situation, however, began to unravel more visibly after the signing of the Pretoria Agreement. The first major political rupture came last August, when southern delegates refused to participate in the TPLFโs much-maligned party congress. Their absence was more than symbolic; they declared the congress unlawful, citing serious procedural and organizational irregularities. In doing so, they aligned themselves with the findings of the partyโs own Audit Committee and echoed the concerns of several members of the Congress Preparatory Committee.
Yet the TPLF leadershipโdominated by the trio of Debretsion, Fetlework, and Alemโbrushed off these warnings, ignored the advice of the Federal Election Board, and proceeded with the congress. Their desire to reshape governance in Southern Tigrai was met with resistance, most fiercely from the Raya and Enderta areas. As a result, the TPLF became wary of these regions and sought to install loyalists in key local positions.
Getachew’s friction with the TPLF establishment did not begin with the congress, at least in the public eye. It began when he unexpectedly vied for the presidency of the regional government. The TPLF’s heavyweights, caught off guard by his last-minute candidacy, sought to undermine him through superficial performance evaluations and backchannel smear campaigns. His origin from Raya, coupled with his rhetorical finesse and aptitude in political discourse, may have initially made him a convenient symbol of representativeness within the partyโan effort to project inclusivity. However, once he began to openly contest the leadership style of Debretsion and his allies, and called for a thorough reckoning of the TPLF’s conduct during the war, the relationship began to sour. His insistence on accountability and transparent governance marked a clear departure from the inner circleโs expectations, ultimately setting him on a collision course with the party establishment.
Nevertheless, his eventual ouster deepened the sense of alienation between the Raya community and the regional government based in Mekelle.
Adding to this historical sense of marginalization was the long-standing perception among the people of Raya that their zonal administrators had often been outsiders. Many came to feel that they were denied genuine self-rule. Compounding this were cultural grievancesโsubtle but persistent feelings that the TPLF leadership had failed to show sensitivity to the local dialect and cultural nuances of the area. Still, despite these slights,Raya remained fiercely loyal to the Tigrean identity and the collective cause. Raya stood at the forefront of the resistance against the invading Prosperity Party (PP) forces in 2021 and 2022, earning widespread respect for its resilience.ย Not only that, the current protest is anchored in one very crucial point. The leaders in Raya have time and again pleaded that their struggle and resistance should be perceived as part of a larger impending clamor for change in other parts of Tigrai. โIt must not be seen in isolationโ, they assert.
Fast forward to July 2025. General Tadesse Werede, seen by some as a cautious and balanced figure, seemed to have taken a hard turn. Once considered a stabilizing force who had traveled to Maichew and Mekoni to listen to administrators and the public alike, General Tadesse now appeared to toe the TPLF hardliners’ line. On July 22nd, he dispatched what was officially described as a police forceโthough many questioned their identityโto Maichew and Mekoni. By the early hours of July 23rd, these forces had occupied local administrative buildings, forcing Zonal Administrator Habtu Kiros and his team to vacate and take temporary shelter on the outskirts.
But the people responded with breathtaking speed and clarity. Over 200 community members from Raya, representing a broad cross-section of society, traveled to Mekelle the very next day and demanded an audience with General Tadesse. Their message was firm and simple: return ourย electedย administration and withdraw the security forces sent to occupy our towns. Reportsโmostly circulated on social media and widely believed to be accurateโindicate that the General agreed to visit Maichew and discuss the matter on the ground.
After the delegation met with Tadesse in Mekelle on July 24th, events back in Maichew took a decisive turn. Crowds occupied the administrative buildings and reinstated Habtu Kiros and his team. Their return was met with jubilationโresidents poured into the streets, embracing and welcoming them as heroes.
Remarkably, all this unfolded without a single drop of bloodshed. What might have escalated into a violent confrontation was resolved into something more akin to a family dispute. In a gesture both graceful and strategic, the people of Raya hosted a farewell meal for the security personnel, treating them not as enemies but as reluctant emissaries caught between conflicting orders and their conscience. The security forces, perhaps relieved, withdrew peacefully.

General Tadese Making his Address on TV on 23 July 2025
What has the TPLF said in response? Officially, very little. General Tadesse, in a press conference immediately following the expulsion of Habtu Kiros, had stated that the zonal leadership had drifted away from the chain of command. He maintained that appointing zonal administrators was his constitutional prerogative and that he had not interfered with structures below the zonal level. Interestingly, however, those appointed to replace Habtu and his team reportedly ( not sure about the general assigned to head security in the zone, nicknamed โWedi Rayaโ) refused the assignmentsโperhaps a sign of the untenable nature of the situation. In the end, the standoff left both sides in limbo: neither the new appointees nor the removed officials took up posts.
Despite all this, one thing is clear: the people of Raya remain resolute in their choice. It is possible that General Tadesse and his allies were motivated by legitimate security concerns, especially given PPโs ongoing threats and the presence of protesting army elements in eastern Tigrai. However, such concernsโreal or imaginedโcannot override the fundamental question at stake:ย the people’s right to self-ruleย and the widespread perception that the TPLF no longer represents them.
This unrest is also a direct pushback against the controversial idea of a rapprochement between TPLF and the Eritrean governmentโa notion floated by some under the guise of forming a “strategic alliance” or โ แฝแแถโ to “save Tigrai.” This idea has been particularly unpopular in Southern Tigrai. While I havenโt conducted a formal survey of the exact extent, this resentment is widely felt and openly voiced.
Whether or not there is a real security threat in Raya, the issue cannot be dismissed as a passing episode. The TPLF had long telegraphed its desire to take over the local administration. But regardless of the risks, the calculus must center on the peopleโthe very people whose faith in the TPLF is now deeply eroded.
What adds a layer of irony to all this is something General Tadesse himself said in his July 23 press conference: that the Raya zone is the most organized and economically productive in Tigrai. If so, one must askโwhy attempt to remove its leadership? Who deserves credit for that performance if not the existing administrators?
My own reading is that the TPLF hardliners have been unsettled by the defiant leadership in Maichewโsomething they are not accustomed to. In this connection, General Tadesse may not have fully endorsed the use of force to remove them, but he appears to have yielded to pressure from figures like Fetlework and her faction. Whatever goodwill he earned during the early days of his leadership has now been compromised.
In the end, it was the traditional wisdom of conflict managementโso deeply rooted in communities like Wejerat and Rayaโthat prevailed. The people secured their objectives through nonviolent resistance, proving that assertive civic engagement can yield results. The political struggle will continue, of course, but this episode marks a significant milestone.
ย

Representatives of the people of Raya walks to see the administrator of the region, General Tadese Worede
Having said that, there is one thing that must be underlined as a no-go. If Habtu Kiros begins to look beyond his peopleโtoward Getachewโs party or even the PPโfor political salvation, he will lose the very ground that legitimized his leadership. Tigraiโs challenges must be resolved within Tigrai, by Tegaru themselves. This has been a recurring critique of Getachew Reda, and it applies equally to Habtu. That said, unless he veers off course, Habtu remains a compelling figureโa man of the people and, for now, a standard-bearer of a new political consciousness in Tigrai.

Security forces in the garb of Police being treated with Lunch in Raya after their relenting on the mission of bringing the administration to its knees.
Postscript 1:ย I have been reminded of an important fact regarding what the people of Raya stand for, as mentioned under topic (1), and I have incorporated it after the first publication to make the reporting more comprehensive and responsive to the reality on the ground. It is shown in Italics in the middle of the discussion.
Postscript 2:ย One of my FB interlocutors brought to mind a vital correction. It is regarding the fact that the zonal administrators are not elected, only appointed. That is true, and I have corrected that by striking through the word โelectedโ.
2. ๐ค๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฎ๐ฑ๐ณ: ๐ ๐ฌ๐๐๐พ๐๐ ๐๐ฟ ๐ซ๐พ๐๐บ๐ ๐ข๐๐๐๐บ๐๐พโ๐บ๐๐ฝ ๐บ ๐ฏ๐๐พ๐๐๐ฝ๐พ๐๐๐๐บ๐ ๐ฌ๐๐๐๐๐พ๐
๐ฎ๐๐พ๐ ๐๐๐พ ๐๐บ๐๐ ๐๐๐ ๐๐พ๐พ๐๐, ๐จ ๐๐บ๐๐พ ๐๐๐๐๐๐พ๐ ๐บ๐ป๐๐๐ ๐ค๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฎ๐ฑ๐ณโ๐๐๐ ๐ผ๐๐๐๐ ๐พ๐ ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐, ๐๐๐๐พ๐๐๐บ๐๐ผ๐พ ๐๐๐๐๐ผ๐๐๐๐พ, ๐บ๐๐ฝ ๐๐๐พ ๐ผ๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐ ๐ผ๐๐๐๐พ๐๐๐ ๐ ๐ฟ๐บ๐ผ๐พ๐. ๐จ๐ ๐๐๐บ๐ ๐ผ๐๐๐๐พ๐๐, ๐บ ๐๐๐๐๐๐ฟ๐๐ผ๐บ๐๐ ๐ ๐พ๐๐บ๐ ๐บ๐๐ฝ ๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐ผ๐บ๐ ๐ฝ๐พ๐๐พ๐ ๐๐๐๐พ๐๐ ๐พ๐๐พ๐๐๐พ๐ฝ ๐ ๐บ๐๐ ๐๐พ๐พ๐. ๐ฑ๐พ๐๐๐๐๐ ๐ผ๐๐๐ผ๐๐ ๐บ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐ ๐๐๐ผ๐๐บ๐ ๐๐พ๐ฝ๐๐บ ๐ผ๐๐๐ฟ๐๐๐๐พ๐ฝ ๐๐๐บ๐ ๐๐๐พ ๐ฉ๐๐๐๐๐ผ๐พ ๐ก๐๐๐พ๐บ๐ ๐บ๐๐ฝ ๐๐๐พ ๐ข๐๐๐๐ ๐๐ ๐ณ๐๐๐๐บ๐ ๐๐บ๐ฝ ๐ฝ๐พ๐ผ๐๐ฝ๐พ๐ฝ ๐๐๐บ๐ ๐๐๐พ ๐พ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐ ๐ค๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฎ๐ฑ๐ณ ๐ป๐๐บ๐๐ฝโ๐๐๐ ๐๐๐พ ๐๐พ๐ผ๐พ๐๐๐ ๐ ๐บ๐๐ฝ ๐ผ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐พ๐๐๐๐บ๐ ๐ ๐ โ๐พ๐ ๐พ๐ผ๐๐พ๐ฝโ ๐๐๐พโ๐๐๐๐ ๐ฝ ๐๐พ๐๐บ๐๐ ๐๐ ๐ผ๐๐บ๐๐๐พ. ๐ณ๐๐พ ๐ผ๐๐๐๐ ๐บ๐ ๐๐ ๐ป๐บ๐๐๐พ๐ฝ ๐๐๐พ ๐๐พ๐ ๐ป๐๐บ๐๐ฝ, ๐บ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐พ๐ฝ ๐ป๐ ๐๐๐บ๐ ๐๐บ๐๐ ๐ผ๐๐๐๐๐ฝ๐พ๐ ๐บ ๐๐๐๐๐๐พ๐ฝ-๐๐ ๐บ๐๐๐๐๐บ๐ผ๐ ๐๐ฟ ๐ผ๐บ๐ ๐ ๐๐๐ ๐๐ฟ ๐บ ๐ผ๐๐๐๐๐พ๐๐.
๐ณ๐๐๐ ๐ฝ๐พ๐ผ๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐บ๐ ๐๐๐ฝ๐พ๐ ๐ ๐๐บ๐๐ ๐พ๐ฝ ๐บ๐ ๐บ ๐ผ๐๐๐๐บ๐๐พ๐๐๐ ๐บ๐๐๐พ๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐ฟ ๐๐๐ฝ๐๐ผ๐๐บ๐ ๐๐๐ฝ๐พ๐๐พ๐๐ฝ๐พ๐๐ผ๐พโ๐บ๐ ๐พ๐บ๐๐ ๐ ๐ป๐๐ ๐๐พ๐บ๐๐๐๐๐ฟ๐๐ ๐๐๐พ๐ ๐๐๐๐บ๐๐ฝ ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐บ๐ ๐๐พ๐ฟ๐๐๐ ๐๐ ๐๐๐พ ๐๐พ๐๐๐๐. ๐ฅ๐๐ ๐๐๐ผ๐พ, ๐๐๐พ ๐ข๐๐๐๐ ๐๐ ๐ณ๐๐๐๐บ๐ ๐๐๐๐๐พ๐ฝ ๐๐๐บ๐ ๐๐ ๐ผ๐๐๐ ๐ฝ ๐๐บ๐๐พ ๐บ ๐๐๐๐๐ผ๐๐๐ ๐พ๐ฝ ๐๐๐บ๐๐ผ๐พ ๐๐ ๐บ ๐๐๐๐-๐๐๐บ๐๐พ๐ ๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐ผ๐บ๐ ๐๐บ๐๐๐พ๐. ๐จ๐ ๐๐บ๐ ๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐ ๐บ ๐๐พ๐ผ๐๐๐๐ผ๐บ๐ ๐๐๐ฝ๐๐๐พ๐๐; ๐๐ ๐๐บ๐ ๐บ ๐ป๐๐ ๐ฝ ๐๐๐๐๐บ๐ ๐๐๐บ๐ ๐๐๐ ๐พ ๐๐ฟ ๐ ๐บ๐ ๐๐๐๐ ๐ ๐๐บ๐ ๐บ ๐๐ ๐บ๐ผ๐พ ๐๐ ๐ณ๐๐๐๐บ๐โ๐ ๐พ๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐-๐๐บ๐ ๐๐พ๐บ๐ ๐๐๐.
๐ธ๐พ๐, ๐๐ ๐บ ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐ ๐บ๐๐ฝ ๐ฝ๐๐๐บ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐ฟ ๐พ๐๐พ๐๐๐, ๐๐๐พ ๐ฃ๐พ๐ป๐พ๐๐พ๐๐๐๐๐-๐ ๐พ๐ฝ ๐ฟ๐บ๐ผ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐ฟ ๐๐๐พ ๐ณ๐ฏ๐ซ๐ฅ ๐๐พ๐๐ ๐๐ ๐๐ ๐ผ๐๐๐๐พ๐๐พ ๐บ๐๐๐๐๐พ๐ ๐ค๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฎ๐ฑ๐ณ โ๐ผ๐๐๐๐๐พ๐๐,โ ๐๐พ๐๐๐๐๐พ๐ฝ๐ ๐ ๐๐ ๐ฝ๐พ๐ ๐๐ป๐พ๐๐บ๐๐พ ๐๐ ๐๐๐พ ๐๐๐๐บ๐๐๐๐บ๐๐๐๐โ๐ ๐๐๐๐พ๐๐๐บ๐ ๐ผ๐๐๐๐๐ ๐บ๐๐ฝ ๐๐ ๐๐พ๐บ๐๐๐พ๐๐ ๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐ ๐๐๐๐พ๐. ๐ค๐๐พ๐ ๐๐๐๐พ ๐๐พ๐๐๐ ๐พ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐บ๐ ๐๐๐พ ๐๐บ๐๐๐๐ผ๐๐๐บ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐ฟ ๐๐๐๐พ ๐๐๐๐พ๐ ๐๐๐บ๐ ๐ฑ๐พ๐๐๐๐๐บ๐ ๐ฏ๐๐พ๐๐๐ฝ๐พ๐๐ ๐ฆ๐พ๐๐พ๐๐บ๐ ๐ณ๐บ๐ฝ๐พ๐๐๐พ ๐ถ๐พ๐๐พ๐ฝ๐พ. ๐ง๐๐ ๐๐๐พ๐๐พ๐๐ผ๐พ ๐บ๐ ๐บ ๐ผ๐๐๐๐๐พ๐๐ ๐๐๐บ๐ ๐๐บ๐ฝ ๐ป๐พ๐พ๐ ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐ผ๐๐๐ ๐ ๐ป๐บ๐๐๐พ๐ฝ ๐ป๐ ๐๐๐พ ๐ผ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐บ๐๐๐พ๐ฝ ๐๐พ๐๐๐๐๐ ๐ผ๐๐๐ผ๐พ๐๐๐ ๐บ๐ป๐๐๐ ๐พ๐๐พ๐ผ๐๐๐๐๐พ ๐๐๐พ๐๐๐พ๐บ๐ผ๐ ๐๐, ๐บ๐ ๐ป๐พ๐๐, ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐ฝ๐๐๐พ๐๐.
๐ณ๐ ๐๐บ๐๐พ ๐๐บ๐๐๐พ๐๐ ๐๐๐๐๐พ, ๐๐ ๐๐๐ ๐ฉ๐๐ ๐ ๐ค๐ฅ, ๐ค๐ข๐ค๐ง ๐๐๐พ๐๐ ๐ผ๐๐๐ฟ๐พ๐๐พ๐๐ผ๐พโ๐ ๐บ๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐๐๐ ๐ ๐ค๐ซ ๐๐๐๐๐๐พ๐โ๐ฏ๐๐พ๐๐๐ฝ๐พ๐๐ ๐ณ๐บ๐ฝ๐พ๐๐๐พ ๐บ๐ฝ๐ฝ๐๐พ๐๐๐พ๐ฝ ๐๐๐พ ๐ค๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฎ๐ฑ๐ณ ๐๐๐๐๐พ ๐๐ ๐๐๐ ๐ผ๐ ๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐พ๐๐บ๐๐๐. ๐ง๐พ ๐๐๐บ๐๐พ๐ฝ:
โ๐ณ๐๐พ ๐๐๐๐๐พ๐ ๐๐พ๐๐๐บ๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐ ๐ค๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฎ๐ฑ๐ณ ๐บ๐๐พ ๐บ๐ ๐๐พ๐บ๐ฝ๐ ๐ผ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐ผ๐บ๐๐พ๐ฝ, ๐บ๐๐ฝ ๐๐๐พ ๐๐บ๐๐๐พ๐ ๐๐๐๐๐ ๐ฝ ๐๐๐ ๐๐บ๐๐พ ๐๐๐๐พ ๐๐ ๐ผ๐๐๐๐, ๐บ๐ ๐๐๐บ๐ ๐๐ ๐๐๐ ๐ ๐๐บ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐พ ๐ผ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐ผ๐บ๐๐พ๐ฝ. ๐ณ๐๐พ ๐๐๐ ๐ฟ๐บ๐ผ๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐๐ ๐ฝ ๐๐บ๐๐พ ๐๐บ๐ ๐๐๐๐พ๐๐๐พ๐ ๐บ๐๐ฝ ๐๐พ๐๐๐ ๐๐พ๐ฝ ๐๐๐พ๐๐ ๐ฝ๐๐ฟ๐ฟ๐พ๐๐พ๐๐ผ๐พ๐. ๐ฌ๐ ๐๐๐๐พ๐๐๐๐พ๐๐ ๐๐บ๐ ๐ป๐พ ๐ฟ๐๐๐ผ๐พ๐ฝ ๐๐ ๐๐๐๐พ๐๐๐พ๐๐พ ๐บ๐๐ฝ ๐๐บ๐๐พ ๐๐๐ ๐๐๐ ๐ฝ๐พ๐ผ๐๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐ ๐๐พ๐๐๐ ๐๐พ ๐๐๐พ ๐๐๐๐ป๐ ๐พ๐.โ
๐ณ๐๐พ๐๐พ ๐บ๐๐พ ๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐๐ป๐ ๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐ผ๐บ๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐พ๐๐พ.
๐ฅ๐๐๐๐, ๐๐๐พ๐ ๐บ ๐๐บ๐๐๐พ๐ ๐๐ ๐บ๐ ๐๐พ๐บ๐ฝ๐ ๐๐๐ฝ๐พ๐ ๐๐๐ฝ๐๐ผ๐๐บ๐ ๐๐พ๐๐๐พ๐โ๐บ๐๐ฝ ๐พ๐๐๐พ๐ผ๐๐บ๐ ๐ ๐ ๐๐๐พ๐ ๐บ ๐๐๐พ๐ ๐๐๐๐๐บ๐๐ ๐ฝ๐พ๐ผ๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐บ๐ ๐ป๐พ๐พ๐ ๐๐บ๐๐ฝ๐พ๐ฝ ๐ฝ๐๐๐โ๐๐๐พ ๐พ๐๐พ๐ผ๐๐๐๐๐พ ๐ป๐๐บ๐๐ผ๐ ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐พ๐๐๐พ๐ผ๐ ๐๐๐บ๐ ๐๐๐๐ผ๐พ๐๐. ๐ญ๐ ๐๐บ๐๐๐พ๐ ๐๐๐ “๐ผ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐ผ๐บ๐๐พ๐ฝ” ๐๐๐พ ๐๐๐๐๐พ ๐๐บ๐ ๐บ๐๐๐พ๐บ๐, ๐๐๐พ ๐บ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐บ๐๐พ ๐๐พ๐๐๐๐๐๐พ ๐ฟ๐๐๐ ๐๐๐พ ๐ฏ๐๐พ๐๐๐ฝ๐พ๐๐ ๐๐ ๐๐ ๐ ๐พ๐ ๐๐๐พ ๐ผ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐ผ๐พ๐พ๐ฝ ๐๐๐ฝ๐พ๐๐พ๐๐ฝ๐พ๐๐๐ ๐. ๐ฉ๐๐ฝ๐๐ผ๐๐บ๐ ๐บ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐ ๐ป๐พ ๐๐๐ฝ๐พ๐๐๐๐๐พ๐ฝ ๐ป๐ ๐๐บ๐๐บ๐ ๐ ๐พ๐ ๐๐ ๐ผ๐๐๐๐๐บ๐ฝ๐๐ผ๐๐๐๐ ๐บ๐ผ๐๐๐๐๐ ๐ป๐ ๐๐๐พ ๐พ๐๐พ๐ผ๐๐๐๐๐พ.
๐ฒ๐พ๐ผ๐๐๐ฝ, ๐๐ฟ ๐๐๐พ ๐ฏ๐๐พ๐๐๐ฝ๐พ๐๐ ๐๐พ๐๐๐๐๐พ๐ ๐ ๐ป๐พ๐ ๐๐พ๐๐พ๐ฝ ๐๐๐พ ๐ค๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฎ๐ฑ๐ณ ๐๐บ๐๐๐พ๐ ๐๐พ๐๐๐๐๐พ๐ฝ ๐๐๐๐พ๐๐ ๐๐พ๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐๐, ๐๐พ ๐๐บ๐ฝ ๐พ๐บ๐๐ ๐๐พ๐ ๐ ๐พ๐๐บ๐ ๐บ๐๐ฝ ๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐ผ๐บ๐ ๐๐๐๐ ๐ ๐บ๐ ๐๐๐ ๐ฝ๐๐๐๐๐๐บ๐ . ๐ด๐๐ฝ๐พ๐ ๐บ ๐ฝ๐พ๐ผ๐๐พ๐พ ๐๐๐๐๐พ๐ฝ ๐บ๐๐๐๐๐ฝ ๐ค๐ข๐ฃ๐ซ, ๐ค๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฎ๐ฑ๐ณ ๐๐บ๐ฝ ๐ป๐พ๐พ๐ ๐พ๐บ๐๐๐บ๐๐๐พ๐ฝ ๐๐ ๐ฟ๐บ๐ ๐ ๐๐๐ฝ๐พ๐ ๐๐๐พ ๐๐๐๐๐๐ฝ๐๐ผ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐ฟ ๐๐๐พ ๐๐พ๐๐๐๐๐บ๐ ๐๐๐๐พ๐๐๐๐พ๐๐ ๐บ๐ ๐บ ๐๐๐ป๐ ๐๐ผ ๐๐พ๐๐๐พ๐๐พ๐๐๐บ๐๐๐๐พ ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐. ๐จ๐ ๐๐๐บ๐ ๐ฟ๐๐บ๐๐พ๐๐๐๐, ๐๐๐พ ๐ฟ๐๐๐๐บ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐ฟ ๐บ๐๐ ๐๐พ๐ ๐ค๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฎ๐ฑ๐ณ ๐ผ๐๐๐๐๐พ๐๐ ๐๐๐๐ ๐ฝ ๐๐พ๐๐๐๐๐พ ๐บ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐บ๐๐๐๐ ๐ป๐ ๐๐๐พ ๐ณ๐๐๐๐บ๐ ๐๐พ๐๐๐๐๐บ๐ ๐บ๐๐๐พ๐๐ป๐ ๐โ๐พ๐ฟ๐ฟ๐พ๐ผ๐๐๐๐พ๐ ๐, ๐ป๐ ๐๐๐พ ๐๐ฟ๐ฟ๐๐ผ๐พ ๐๐ฟ ๐๐๐พ ๐ฏ๐๐พ๐๐๐ฝ๐พ๐๐ ๐๐๐๐๐พ๐ ๐ฟ. ๐จ๐ฟ ๐ฆ๐พ๐๐พ๐๐บ๐ ๐ณ๐บ๐ฝ๐พ๐๐๐พ ๐๐๐๐๐พ๐ฝ ๐๐ ๐๐พ๐ผ๐ ๐บ๐๐ ๐ค๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฎ๐ฑ๐ณ ๐ฟ๐๐๐ ๐๐๐พ ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐ฟ ๐บ ๐๐บ๐๐๐๐ ๐ณ๐ฏ๐ซ๐ฅ ๐ฟ๐บ๐ผ๐๐๐๐, ๐๐พ ๐ผ๐๐๐ ๐ฝ ๐๐บ๐๐พ ๐๐บ๐๐พ๐ ๐๐๐๐บ๐ผ๐๐๐๐พ ๐๐๐พ๐๐ ๐๐ ๐ฝ๐ ๐๐ ๐ ๐บ๐๐ฟ๐๐ ๐ ๐ ๐บ๐๐ฝ ๐๐๐บ๐๐๐๐บ๐๐พ๐๐๐ ๐.
๐ณ๐๐๐พ, ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐บ๐ ๐๐บ๐๐พ ๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐พ๐ฝ ๐๐บ๐๐๐๐บ๐๐๐๐ ๐ ๐พ๐๐บ๐ ๐ผ๐๐๐๐ ๐พ๐๐๐๐๐พ๐, ๐บ๐๐ฝ ๐๐ ๐๐บ๐ ๐๐บ๐๐พ ๐ฝ๐พ๐๐บ๐๐ฝ๐พ๐ฝ ๐๐พ๐๐๐ ๐๐พ ๐ฟ๐๐๐ ๐ป๐๐๐ ๐๐๐พ ๐ฏ๐๐พ๐๐๐ฝ๐พ๐๐ ๐บ๐๐ฝ ๐๐๐ ๐ ๐พ๐๐บ๐ ๐๐พ๐บ๐. ๐ก๐๐ ๐๐๐บ๐ ๐๐บ๐ ๐๐พ๐๐๐๐๐พ๐ฝ ๐๐บ๐ ๐๐๐ ๐ ๐พ๐๐บ๐ ๐๐๐๐๐๐บ๐๐๐๐, ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐ผ๐บ๐ ๐๐๐ ๐ . ๐ง๐บ๐ฝ ๐๐พ ๐บ๐ผ๐๐พ๐ฝ ๐๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐ ๐ฟ๐๐บ๐๐พ๐๐๐๐, ๐๐พ ๐ผ๐๐๐ ๐ฝ ๐๐บ๐๐พ ๐๐พ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐พ๐ฝ ๐ค๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฎ๐ฑ๐ณ ๐บ๐ ๐บ ๐๐พ๐๐๐๐๐พ๐ ๐ ๐๐๐ป๐ ๐๐ผ ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐โ๐ฟ๐๐พ๐พ๐ฝ ๐ฟ๐๐๐ ๐ผ๐บ๐๐๐๐๐พ ๐ป๐ ๐บ ๐๐๐๐๐๐ ๐ ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐บ๐๐๐ ๐พ๐ ๐๐๐พ.
๐จ๐๐๐๐พ๐บ๐ฝ, ๐๐๐บ๐ ๐๐พ ๐๐บ๐ ๐๐บ๐ ๐บ ๐๐๐๐๐พ๐ฝ ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐. ๐ ๐ผ๐๐๐๐๐ผ๐บ๐ ๐๐๐๐พ๐๐ ๐๐๐พ๐๐พ ๐๐๐พ ๐ ๐บ๐ ๐๐๐๐๐พ๐ฝ ๐๐๐๐พ๐๐๐๐, ๐ป๐๐ ๐ ๐พ๐บ๐ฝ๐พ๐๐๐๐๐ ๐ฟ๐บ๐ ๐๐พ๐๐พ๐ฝ.
3) Berhanu Julaโs Tirade: When Generals Stray into Politics

Field Marshal Berhanu Jula
๐ฅ๐๐พ๐ ๐ฝ ๐ฌ๐บ๐๐๐๐บ๐ ๐ก๐พ๐๐๐บ๐๐ ๐ฉ๐๐ ๐บ, ๐ข๐๐๐พ๐ฟ ๐๐ฟ ๐ฒ๐๐บ๐ฟ๐ฟ ๐๐ฟ ๐๐๐พ ๐ค๐๐๐๐๐๐๐บ๐ ๐ญ๐บ๐๐๐๐๐บ๐ ๐ฃ๐พ๐ฟ๐พ๐๐ผ๐พ ๐ฅ๐๐๐ผ๐พ๐, ๐ฝ๐พ๐ ๐๐๐พ๐๐พ๐ฝ ๐บ ๐ฟ๐บ๐๐๐ ๐๐บ๐ ๐๐๐๐บ๐ฝ๐พ ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐พ๐พ๐, ๐ ๐บ๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐ ๐บ๐๐บ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐บ๐ ๐๐พ ๐๐พ๐ฟ๐พ๐๐๐พ๐ฝ ๐๐ ๐บ๐ “๐๐๐พ ๐ถ๐๐๐บ๐๐พ ๐ข๐๐๐พ๐ฟ๐.” ๐ช๐๐๐๐ ๐ฟ๐๐ ๐๐๐ ๐ป๐๐บ๐๐ ๐บ๐๐ฝ ๐๐๐ฝ๐๐๐ ๐๐๐บ๐๐๐ผ ๐๐๐พ๐๐๐๐๐ผ, ๐ฆ๐พ๐๐พ๐๐บ๐ ๐ก๐พ๐๐๐บ๐๐ ๐๐บ๐ ๐๐บ๐ฝ๐พ ๐บ ๐๐บ๐ป๐๐ ๐๐ฟ ๐ ๐บ๐๐๐ผ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐ป๐ ๐๐ผ ๐๐๐๐พ๐บ๐๐ ๐บ๐๐บ๐๐๐๐ ๐บ๐๐๐พ๐ฝ ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐๐๐ ๐บ๐ผ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐พ ๐ผ๐๐๐๐๐๐. ๐จ๐ ๐ฌ๐บ๐๐ผ๐ ๐๐ฟ ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐พ๐บ๐, ๐๐พ ๐บ๐ผ๐ผ๐๐๐พ๐ฝ ๐ฆ๐พ๐๐พ๐๐บ๐ ๐ฌ๐๐๐ป๐พ๐ ๐๐ฟ ๐บ๐๐๐พ๐๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐ ๐๐บ๐ ๐๐บ๐๐๐๐พ ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐ ๐ฟ๐๐ ๐๐๐พ ๐ ๐๐๐บ๐๐บ ๐๐พ๐๐๐๐๐บ๐๐ผ๐พ ๐๐๐๐๐ ๐ฅ๐บ๐๐โ๐๐๐พ๐ผ๐๐ฟ๐๐ผ๐บ๐ ๐ ๐ ๐ผ๐ ๐บ๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐บ๐ ๐ฌ๐๐๐ป๐พ๐ ๐๐บ๐ฝ ๐๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐ ๐บ๐๐ฝ ๐๐๐พ ๐๐๐๐๐-๐๐พ๐๐๐พ๐๐ ๐ฟ๐๐๐๐, ๐ป๐๐ ๐ฟ๐บ๐๐ ๐พ๐ฝ ๐ฝ๐๐พ ๐๐ ๐๐๐ผ๐๐๐๐พ๐๐พ๐๐ผ๐พ.
๐ณ๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐พ, ๐ฆ๐พ๐๐พ๐๐บ๐ ๐ก๐พ๐๐๐บ๐๐’๐ ๐๐๐บ๐๐พ๐๐พ๐๐๐ ๐๐พ๐๐พ ๐พ๐๐พ๐ ๐๐๐๐พ ๐๐๐๐๐๐พ๐ฝ. ๐ถ๐๐๐ ๐๐๐ ๐ผ๐๐บ๐๐บ๐ผ๐๐พ๐๐๐๐๐๐ผ ๐๐๐๐๐-๐ฟ๐๐๐-๐๐๐พ-๐๐๐ ๐ฝ๐พ๐ ๐๐๐พ๐๐, ๐๐พ ๐๐พ๐ผ๐๐๐พ๐ฝโ๐บ๐ ๐๐๐๐ ๐ ๐๐๐พ ๐ป๐ ๐ ๐๐๐พโ๐๐๐พ ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐พ๐ฝ ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐ฟ ๐ณ๐ฏ๐ซ๐ฅ ๐๐๐๐๐๐พ๐๐, ๐บ๐ผ๐ผ๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐พ๐ ๐๐ฟ ๐๐บ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐บ๐๐พ๐ฝ ๐๐๐๐พ๐พ ๐ฟ๐บ๐๐ ๐พ๐ฝ ๐๐๐ ๐๐๐บ๐๐ ๐ผ๐บ๐๐๐บ๐๐๐๐ ๐บ๐๐บ๐๐๐๐ ๐ค๐๐๐๐๐๐๐บ, ๐พ๐บ๐ผ๐ ๐๐๐๐พ ๐บ๐๐บ๐๐๐๐ ๐ป๐พ๐๐๐พ๐ ๐บ๐ฝ๐๐๐ผ๐พ. ๐ง๐พ ๐บ๐ ๐ ๐พ๐๐พ๐ฝ ๐๐๐บ๐ ๐๐๐พ๐ ๐บ๐๐พ ๐๐๐ ๐๐๐พ๐๐บ๐๐๐๐ ๐ฟ๐๐ ๐บ ๐ฟ๐๐๐๐๐ ๐บ๐๐๐พ๐๐๐ ๐บ๐๐ฝ ๐ผ๐ ๐บ๐๐๐พ๐ฝ ๐๐๐พ๐ ๐บ๐๐พ ๐๐๐ผ๐บ๐๐บ๐ป๐ ๐พ ๐๐ฟ ๐บ๐ผ๐๐๐พ๐๐๐๐ ๐บ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐ ๐๐๐บ๐๐๐ ๐.
๐ก๐พ๐๐๐บ๐๐ ๐บ๐ ๐๐ ๐บ๐๐๐พ๐๐๐พ๐ฝ ๐๐๐บ๐ ๐๐๐พ ๐ณ๐ฏ๐ซ๐ฅ ๐๐บ๐ฝ ๐๐๐๐ ๐บ๐๐พ๐ฝ ๐๐๐พ ๐๐พ๐๐๐ ๐๐ฟ ๐๐๐พ ๐ฏ๐๐พ๐๐๐๐๐บ ๐ ๐๐๐พ๐พ๐๐พ๐๐ ๐ป๐ ๐๐๐ฝ๐๐๐ ๐บ๐๐ฝ ๐๐๐ ๐ฟ๐ ๐บ๐๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐พ๐บ๐๐ ๐๐พ๐บ๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐พ๐ ๐๐พ๐๐พ ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐พ๐ฝ ๐๐ ๐๐บ๐๐พ ๐๐๐๐๐พ๐๐ฝ๐พ๐๐พ๐ฝ. ๐ ๐ผ๐ผ๐๐๐ฝ๐๐๐ ๐๐ ๐๐๐, ๐บ๐๐ ๐๐๐ผ๐ ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐ ๐ฝ ๐๐ ๐๐๐๐บ๐๐พ๐ ๐ ๐ ๐พ๐บ๐ฝ ๐๐ ๐ฟ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐. ๐ ๐ ๐ ๐๐ฟ ๐๐๐๐, ๐๐๐๐ ๐พ ๐๐๐ฟ๐ ๐บ๐๐๐บ๐๐๐๐, ๐๐๐๐ ๐ ๐ฟ๐บ๐ ๐ ๐ ๐๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐พ ๐๐๐๐๐ผ๐บ๐ ๐๐๐พ๐๐๐๐๐ผ ๐๐ฟ ๐บ ๐๐๐ ๐๐๐บ๐๐ ๐ผ๐๐๐พ๐ฟ ๐บ๐๐๐พ๐๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐ ๐๐๐๐๐พ๐ผ๐ ๐ผ๐๐๐ฟ๐๐ฝ๐พ๐๐ผ๐พ ๐บ๐๐ฝ ๐๐๐๐พ๐๐๐๐.
๐ก๐๐ ๐๐๐พ๐, ๐๐พ ๐ผ๐๐๐๐๐พ๐ฝ ๐บ ๐๐พ๐๐ ๐๐พ๐๐๐๐๐ ๐ ๐๐๐พ.
๐จ๐ ๐บ ๐๐๐๐พ๐๐ ๐๐ฟ ๐๐บ๐๐๐๐ผ๐๐ ๐บ๐ ๐บ๐ ๐บ๐๐, ๐ก๐พ๐๐๐บ๐๐ ๐๐บ๐๐ฝ, ๐๐ ๐๐ ๐๐๐ผ๐พ๐๐๐บ๐๐ ๐๐พ๐๐๐, ๐๐๐บ๐ ๐๐๐พ “๐ถ๐๐๐บ๐๐พ๐” ๐ผ๐๐๐ ๐ฝ ๐๐๐ ๐ ๐๐๐๐๐พ๐๐ ๐๐พ๐บ๐๐ ๐๐พ๐บ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐ผ๐พ ๐ณ๐๐๐๐บ๐ ๐๐บ๐ ๐๐พ๐ผ๐พ๐ฝ๐พ๐ฝ ๐ฟ๐๐๐ ๐ค๐๐๐๐๐๐๐บโ๐บ๐ฝ๐ฝ๐๐๐ ๐๐๐บ๐, ๐๐ ๐๐๐ผ๐ ๐บ ๐ผ๐บ๐๐พ, “๐๐๐พ๐ ๐๐๐๐ ๐ฝ๐โ๐ ๐พ๐๐พ๐ ๐๐พ๐พ๐ฝ ๐๐พ๐บ๐๐ ๐๐พ๐บ๐๐๐๐.” ๐ง๐พ ๐๐๐พ๐ ๐๐พ๐๐บ๐๐๐พ๐ฝ ๐๐๐บ๐ ๐๐๐พ ๐ข๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐ ๐ฝ๐๐พ๐, ๐บ๐ฟ๐๐พ๐ ๐บ๐ ๐ , ๐๐๐๐๐๐ฝ๐พ ๐บ ๐ ๐พ๐๐บ๐ ๐๐บ๐๐ ๐ฟ๐๐ ๐๐พ๐ผ๐พ๐๐๐๐๐, ๐บ๐๐ฝ ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐พ๐ฝ ๐๐๐บ๐ ๐๐๐พ ๐ณ๐ฏ๐ซ๐ฅ ๐๐๐๐๐ ๐ฝ ๐๐๐๐๐๐พ ๐๐๐บ๐ ๐๐๐๐๐พ ๐๐ฟ ๐๐๐พ๐ ๐บ๐๐พ ๐๐๐พ๐๐บ๐๐๐๐ ๐ฟ๐๐ ๐๐๐พ๐ ๐ผ๐๐๐ฟ๐๐๐๐๐บ๐๐๐๐. ๐ง๐พ ๐พ๐๐ฝ๐พ๐ฝ ๐๐๐๐ ๐บ ๐๐๐พ๐๐, ๐บ๐ ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐๐พ๐ผ๐พ๐ฝ๐พ๐๐๐พ๐ฝ ๐๐บ๐๐๐๐๐: ๐๐๐พ ๐ถ๐๐๐บ๐๐พ๐ ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐พ๐๐บ๐๐๐๐ ๐ฟ๐๐ ๐๐บ๐ ๐บ๐๐ฝ ๐๐๐๐๐พ๐๐ฝ๐พ๐ ๐บ๐ ๐ ๐บ๐๐๐บ๐๐พ๐๐๐.
๐ ๐ ๐ฟ๐บ๐ผ๐พ ๐๐บ๐ ๐๐พ, ๐๐๐พ ๐๐๐๐พ๐บ๐ ๐๐ ๐๐๐ ๐๐พ๐. ๐ฒ๐๐๐๐ ๐บ๐ ๐๐๐๐พ๐ ๐๐บ๐๐พ ๐ป๐พ๐พ๐ ๐๐๐๐๐ผ๐ ๐ป๐พ๐ฟ๐๐๐พ. ๐ง๐๐๐พ๐๐พ๐, ๐๐๐บ๐ ๐๐บ๐๐พ๐ ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐พ๐๐ ๐๐บ๐๐๐๐ผ๐๐ ๐บ๐๐ ๐ ๐ฝ๐บ๐๐๐พ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐ ๐๐๐บ๐ ๐ก๐พ๐๐๐บ๐๐โ๐ ๐๐บ๐๐๐๐๐๐ ๐ผ๐๐๐๐ผ๐๐ฝ๐พ ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐พ๐ผ๐พ๐๐ ๐๐๐บ๐๐พ๐๐พ๐๐๐ ๐ฟ๐๐๐ ๐ณ๐๐๐๐พ๐บ๐ ๐๐๐ ๐๐๐บ๐๐ ๐ผ๐๐๐๐บ๐๐ฝ๐พ๐๐, ๐๐๐ ๐๐บ๐๐พ ๐ฝ๐พ๐ผ๐ ๐บ๐๐พ๐ฝ ๐๐๐พ๐ ๐บ๐๐พ ๐๐ ๐๐๐๐ ๐บ๐ ๐พ๐๐ ๐๐ ๐๐๐พ ๐ฟ๐บ๐ผ๐พ ๐๐ฟ ๐๐๐๐พ๐๐๐๐บ๐ ๐บ๐๐๐๐พ๐๐๐๐๐ ๐ฟ๐๐๐ ๐ฏ๐๐๐๐๐พ๐๐๐๐ ๐ฏ๐บ๐๐๐-๐บ๐ ๐๐๐๐พ๐ฝ ๐ฟ๐พ๐ฝ๐พ๐๐บ๐ ๐ฟ๐๐๐ผ๐พ๐. ๐ถ๐๐พ๐ ๐ป๐๐๐ ๐๐๐ฝ๐พ๐ ๐๐๐๐๐บ๐ ๐พ๐๐ผ๐บ๐ ๐บ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐ ๐๐ ๐บ๐๐๐ ๐, ๐๐๐พ ๐๐๐พ๐ผ๐๐พ๐ ๐๐ฟ ๐๐พ๐๐พ๐๐พ๐ฝ ๐๐บ๐ ๐ ๐๐๐๐ ๐ ๐บ๐๐๐พโ๐บ ๐๐๐๐๐๐ป๐๐ ๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐ ๐ฟ๐พ๐บ๐๐พ๐ฝ ๐ป๐ ๐๐๐พ ๐๐บ๐-๐๐พ๐บ๐๐ ๐๐พ๐๐๐ ๐พ ๐๐ฟ ๐ณ๐๐๐๐บ๐.
๐ก๐พ๐๐๐บ๐๐’๐ ๐๐๐๐๐พ๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐บ๐ ๐๐๐พ ๐ณ๐ฏ๐ซ๐ฅ ๐๐๐๐๐ ๐ฝ ๐๐พ๐ผ๐พ๐ฝ๐พ ๐๐ฟ ๐๐ ๐๐บ๐๐๐ ๐๐ ๐๐๐๐๐พ๐๐ ๐บ๐๐๐ ๐๐ ๐ฟ๐๐บ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐ ๐๐๐บ๐๐พ ๐พ๐๐๐๐๐โ๐ป๐๐๐ ๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐ผ๐บ๐ ๐บ๐๐ฝ ๐ผ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐บ๐ .
๐ฅ๐๐๐๐, ๐๐๐พ ๐ฝ๐พ๐ผ๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐ ๐๐พ๐ผ๐พ๐ฝ๐พโ๐๐พ๐๐พ ๐๐๐ผ๐ ๐บ ๐๐๐๐พ๐๐ ๐พ๐๐พ๐ ๐๐ ๐ผ๐๐๐พโ๐๐๐๐ ๐ฝ ๐๐๐ ๐ ๐๐พ ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐พ ๐ณ๐ฏ๐ซ๐ฅ ๐บ๐ ๐๐๐พ, ๐ป๐๐ ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐พ ๐๐พ๐๐๐ ๐พ ๐๐ฟ ๐ณ๐๐๐๐บ๐ ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐ ๐ ๐พ๐๐บ๐ ๐บ๐๐ฝ ๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐ผ๐บ๐ ๐๐๐๐ผ๐พ๐๐๐พ๐. ๐ฎ๐๐ผ๐พ ๐บ๐๐บ๐๐, ๐๐พ ๐๐พ๐พ ๐๐๐พ ๐ฝ๐บ๐๐๐พ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐บ๐ป๐๐ ๐๐ฟ ๐พ๐๐๐บ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐พ ๐ณ๐ฏ๐ซ๐ฅ ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐พ ๐๐พ๐๐๐ ๐พ ๐๐ฟ ๐ณ๐๐๐๐บ๐, ๐บ ๐ผ๐๐๐ฟ๐ ๐บ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐บ๐ ๐๐บ๐ ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐ผ๐บ๐ ๐ ๐ ๐๐บ๐ฝ ๐ผ๐บ๐๐บ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐ผ ๐ผ๐๐๐๐พ๐๐๐พ๐๐ผ๐พ๐. ๐ฅ๐๐ ๐๐๐พ ๐๐พ๐๐๐พ๐๐๐บ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐ฟ ๐บ๐๐๐๐ผ๐๐๐๐พ๐ ๐ฝ๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐พ ๐๐พ๐ผ๐พ๐๐ ๐๐บ๐, ๐๐๐พ๐๐พ ๐๐บ๐ ๐๐ ๐ฝ๐๐๐๐๐๐ผ๐๐๐๐: ๐ป๐พ๐๐๐ ๐ณ๐๐๐๐พ๐บ๐ ๐๐บ๐ ๐พ๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐ ๐ป๐พ ๐๐บ๐๐๐พ๐ฝ. ๐ก๐พ๐๐๐บ๐๐’๐ ๐๐๐๐ฝ๐ ๐ผ๐บ๐๐พ๐ ๐พ๐๐๐ ๐ ๐๐พ๐๐พ๐บ๐ ๐๐๐บ๐ ๐๐บ๐๐พ ๐ ๐๐๐๐ผ, ๐๐พ๐ฝ๐๐ผ๐๐๐ ๐๐๐พ ๐พ๐๐๐๐๐พ ๐๐พ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐ ๐บ ๐๐บ๐๐๐ ๐บ๐๐๐บ๐๐บ๐๐๐ ๐บ๐๐ฝ ๐ฟ๐พ๐พ๐ฝ๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐พ ๐๐๐๐ฝ๐๐พ๐ ๐๐๐บ๐ ๐๐บ๐๐๐๐๐บ๐ ๐๐๐พ๐ฝ ๐๐พ๐๐๐ผ๐๐ฝ๐พ.
๐ฒ๐พ๐ผ๐๐๐ฝ, ๐ก๐พ๐๐๐บ๐๐ ๐๐๐พ๐๐๐๐พ๐๐๐พ๐ฝ ๐๐๐ ๐ผ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐บ๐ ๐๐บ๐๐ฝ๐บ๐๐พ. ๐ฃ๐พ๐ผ๐๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐ ๐พ๐๐พ๐ ๐๐๐ป๐ ๐๐ผ ๐ผ๐๐๐๐พ๐๐๐บ๐๐ ๐๐พ๐๐บ๐๐ฝ๐๐๐ ๐๐๐พ ๐๐๐๐๐๐ป๐๐ ๐๐๐ ๐๐ฟ ๐๐พ๐ผ๐พ๐๐๐๐๐ ๐ฟ๐บ๐ ๐ ๐๐๐๐บ๐๐พ๐ ๐ ๐๐ ๐๐๐พ ๐ฝ๐๐๐บ๐๐ ๐๐ฟ ๐ผ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐บ๐ ๐ ๐พ๐บ๐ฝ๐พ๐๐๐๐๐ ๐บ๐๐ฝ ๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐ผ๐บ๐ ๐บ๐ผ๐๐๐๐โ๐๐๐ ๐๐๐พ ๐๐๐ ๐๐๐บ๐๐. ๐ญ๐ ๐๐บ๐๐๐พ๐ ๐๐๐ ๐๐๐พ๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐ ๐ผ๐๐๐ผ๐พ๐๐๐ ๐๐บ๐ ๐ป๐พ ๐บ๐ ๐ข๐๐๐พ๐ฟ ๐๐ฟ ๐ฒ๐๐บ๐ฟ๐ฟ, ๐๐พ ๐๐บ๐ ๐๐ ๐๐ ๐บ๐ผ๐พ ๐๐๐๐๐พ๐๐๐๐๐ ๐ผ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐บ๐ ๐๐พ๐ผ๐พ๐๐๐๐๐ ๐บ๐ ๐บ ๐๐พ๐๐๐๐๐๐พ ๐๐ ๐บ ๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐ผ๐บ๐ -๐๐๐ ๐๐๐บ๐๐ ๐ฝ๐๐๐๐๐๐พ. ๐ณ๐๐บ๐ ๐๐ ๐บ๐ ๐บ๐ ๐บ๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐พ๐๐๐พ๐บ๐ผ๐ ๐บ๐๐ฝ ๐๐พ๐๐ ๐บ ๐ฝ๐บ๐๐๐พ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐พ๐ผ๐พ๐ฝ๐พ๐๐.
๐จ๐โ๐ ๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐พ๐ผ๐บ๐ ๐ ๐๐๐ ๐๐๐ ๐ฆ๐พ๐๐พ๐๐บ๐ ๐ณ๐๐บ๐ฝ๐๐บ๐ ๐ฆ๐พ๐ป๐๐พ๐๐พ๐๐๐บ๐พ, ๐๐๐พ๐ ๐บ๐๐๐พ๐ฝ ๐ป๐ ๐๐๐๐๐๐บ๐ ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐ ๐ค๐ข๐ข๐ข ๐๐ฟ ๐๐๐พ ๐๐บ๐ ๐๐๐๐ ๐ค๐๐๐๐๐พ๐บ ๐๐๐๐ ๐ฝ ๐พ๐๐ฝ ๐๐๐๐๐๐ ๐, ๐๐พ๐๐๐๐๐ฝ๐พ๐ฝ ๐๐๐๐ ๐บ๐ฝ๐๐๐๐บ๐ป๐ ๐พ ๐ผ๐ ๐บ๐๐๐๐:
โ๐ณ๐๐บ๐ ๐๐ ๐๐๐ ๐๐ ๐๐บ๐๐ฝ๐บ๐๐พ. ๐ฌ๐ ๐๐บ๐๐ฝ๐บ๐๐พ ๐๐ ๐๐ ๐ฟ๐๐๐๐ ๐บ๐๐ฝ ๐๐๐ ๐๐บ๐๐. ๐ฃ๐พ๐ผ๐๐ฝ๐๐๐ ๐๐๐พ๐ ๐๐๐พ ๐๐บ๐ ๐๐ ๐๐๐พ๐ ๐๐ ๐๐๐พ ๐๐๐พ๐๐๐๐บ๐๐๐๐พ ๐๐ฟ ๐๐๐พ ๐๐๐๐พ๐๐๐๐พ๐๐.โ
๐ณ๐๐บ๐ ๐๐พ๐๐บ๐๐ ๐๐บ๐ ๐๐๐๐พ ๐๐๐บ๐ ๐บ ๐๐พ๐ผ๐๐๐๐ผ๐บ๐ ๐๐๐โ๐๐ ๐๐พ๐ฟ๐ ๐พ๐ผ๐๐พ๐ฝ ๐บ๐ ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐บ๐๐ ๐๐๐๐๐ผ๐๐๐ ๐พ: ๐๐๐ ๐ฝ๐๐พ๐๐ ๐ฟ๐๐๐๐, ๐ป๐๐ ๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐ผ๐๐บ๐๐ ๐ฝ๐พ๐ผ๐๐ฝ๐พ. ๐ณ๐๐บ๐ฝ๐๐บ๐ ๐๐๐๐พ๐ ๐ฝ ๐บ ๐๐๐บ๐๐ฝ๐บ๐๐ฝ ๐๐ฟ ๐๐๐ ๐๐๐บ๐๐ ๐๐๐๐ฟ๐พ๐๐๐๐๐๐บ๐ ๐๐๐. ๐ก๐พ๐๐๐บ๐๐, ๐๐ ๐๐๐พ ๐๐๐๐พ๐ ๐๐บ๐๐ฝ, ๐๐บ๐ ๐ป๐ ๐๐๐๐พ๐ฝ ๐๐๐บ๐ ๐ ๐๐๐พ ๐๐พ๐ผ๐๐ ๐พ๐๐๐ ๐.
๐ณ๐ ๐ป๐พ ๐ผ๐ ๐พ๐บ๐, ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐ ๐๐๐ ๐บ๐ป๐๐๐ ๐ผ๐๐๐๐บ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐ ๐๐พ๐๐พ๐๐บ๐ ๐. ๐ณ๐๐พ๐ ๐ผ๐๐๐พ ๐ฟ๐๐๐ ๐ฝ๐๐ฟ๐ฟ๐พ๐๐พ๐๐ ๐๐๐บ๐ฝ๐๐๐๐๐๐ ๐บ๐๐ฝ ๐๐พ๐๐๐พ ๐๐ ๐๐บ๐๐๐ ๐ ๐ฝ๐๐ฟ๐ฟ๐พ๐๐พ๐๐ ๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐ผ๐บ๐ ๐พ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐พ๐๐๐. ๐ก๐๐ ๐๐ ๐๐ ๐๐๐พ๐ผ๐๐๐พ๐ ๐ ๐๐๐๐ ๐ผ๐๐๐๐๐บ๐๐ ๐๐๐บ๐ ๐๐บ๐๐พ๐ ๐๐๐พ ๐๐๐๐๐: ๐๐๐พ๐๐พ ๐๐ ๐บ ๐๐๐บ๐๐ฝ๐บ๐๐ฝโ๐บ๐๐ฝ ๐ก๐พ๐๐๐บ๐๐ ๐๐บ๐ ๐ฟ๐บ๐๐ ๐พ๐ฝ ๐๐ ๐๐พ๐พ๐ ๐๐.
T๐๐พ ๐ผ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐บ๐ ๐๐๐ฝ๐พ๐ ๐๐พ๐๐๐๐๐พ๐ ๐๐๐บ๐ ๐๐๐ผ๐ ๐๐บ๐๐๐พ๐๐ ๐ป๐พ ๐๐บ๐๐ฝ๐ ๐พ๐ฝ ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐บ๐ ๐๐พ๐๐๐๐บ๐๐๐ ๐บ๐๐ฝ ๐๐๐๐ผ๐พ๐ฝ๐๐๐บ๐ ๐ ๐พ๐๐๐๐๐๐บ๐ผ๐. ๐ก๐พ๐๐๐บ๐๐โ๐ ๐๐๐๐ป๐๐๐๐, ๐ผ๐๐๐๐๐ ๐บ๐ ๐๐ ๐ฝ๐๐พ๐ ๐ฝ๐๐๐๐๐ ๐บ ๐ฟ๐๐บ๐๐๐ ๐พ ๐๐๐๐-๐๐บ๐ ๐๐พ๐ผ๐๐๐พ๐๐, ๐๐๐๐ ๐ฝ ๐๐๐ฟ๐ ๐บ๐๐พ ๐๐บ๐๐๐พ๐๐ ๐พ๐๐พ๐ ๐๐๐๐พ.
๐ ๐ ๐บ ๐๐๐๐พ ๐๐๐พ๐ ๐๐พ๐๐๐๐บ๐๐๐ ๐บ๐๐ฝ ๐ผ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐บ๐ ๐ฝ๐๐๐ผ๐๐๐ ๐๐๐พ ๐บ๐๐พ ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐พ๐พ๐ฝ๐พ๐ฝ, ๐ค๐๐๐๐๐๐๐บโ๐ ๐๐๐ ๐๐พ๐๐พ๐๐บ๐ ๐๐๐๐๐ ๐ฝ ๐๐๐ ๐ป๐พ ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐ ๐ฟ๐๐๐พ๐ ๐๐พ ๐ผ๐บ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐ ๐๐๐. ๐ณ๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐๐ ๐ฟ๐๐ ๐พ๐๐พ๐๐๐๐๐พ, ๐๐๐๐๐พ ๐ฟ๐๐๐ ๐ณ๐๐๐๐บ๐ ๐๐ ๐ฟ๐๐๐ ๐๐๐พ ๐ฟ๐พ๐ฝ๐พ๐๐บ๐ ๐๐๐๐พ๐๐๐๐พ๐๐.
